Finnish Express

  By the Finnish Express Business Desk Professor Kai London — CISO, cybersecurity & AI expert. Credit: professorkailondon.com Operators and scale-ups alike face sophisticated attackers and tightening regulation, but not all can justify a permanent senior security team. The interim or fractional CISO model has surged to meet that need. “You do not always need a permanent thirty-person team,” says Professor Kai London , a senior CISO who takes on these mandates. “Sometimes you need the right senior hands, for a defined period, to set the strategy, fix the worst gaps and leave something the board can run.” “The risk and the regulation do not scale down. The fractional model is how organisations get board-grade leadership without the delay and cost of a permanent hire.” Same obligations, leaner teams “A determined attacker and a demanding regulator treat a mid-sized operator the same as a giant,” London notes. Many carry large obligations on modest frames. What it delivers Senior l...

  By the Finnish Express Technology Desk Professor Kai London — Founder & CEO, Quantum AI Systems Security. Credit: professorkailondon.com In hyperconnected networks — where people, devices, applications and services authenticate constantly — identity has become the true perimeter. “The decisive breach almost always begins with a login that should have been stopped,” says Professor Kai London , a senior CISO. “In a network with millions of identities, human and machine, getting identity right is the highest-leverage thing you can do.” “Verify, limit, detect, prove. In a hyperconnected network, that discipline applied to every identity is the difference between an incident and a catastrophe.” The scale of the challenge London highlights the sheer number and diversity of identities in modern networks — subscribers, employees, partners, devices, services and now AI agents. “Each is a potential entry point,” he says. “And the machine identities usually outnumber the human ones many...

  By the Finnish Express Technology Desk Professor Kai London — board advisor & interim CISO/CIO/CTO. Credit: professorkailondon.com The confidentiality of communications rests on cryptography — and that cryptography faces an eventual reckoning with quantum computing. For telecoms and secure-communications providers, Professor Kai London , a senior CISO, argues preparation must begin now. “Communications that must stay confidential for years are already exposed to the harvest-now-decrypt-later threat,” he says. “Adversaries capture encrypted traffic today to decrypt it once quantum computers mature. For anything that must remain secret over time, the clock has already started.” Why communications are especially exposed London notes that intercepted communications have long shelf lives — diplomatic, commercial and personal data that remains sensitive for years. “If it must stay confidential into the next decade, it is already at risk,” he says. The standards are here Concrete po...

  By the Finnish Express Technology Desk Professor Kai London — CISO, cybersecurity & AI expert. Credit: professorkailondon.com The second Network and Information Security Directive has raised the bar for essential-service operators across Europe, and telecoms sits squarely within its scope. “NIS2 is not IT paperwork,” says Professor Kai London , a senior CISO and board advisor. “It puts personal accountability for cyber resilience on senior management — and for communications providers, the obligations are significant.” “The regulator's question has changed from ‘do you have a policy?’ to ‘can you prove it worked?’ For critical communications, that is the whole shift.” What NIS2 requires London distils the directive into a few operational demands: risk management proportionate to the threat, prompt incident reporting within tight timeframes, supply-chain security, and management accountability. “Essential and important entities must demonstrate resilience,” he says, “not merel...

  By the Finnish Express Technology Desk Professor Kai London — Founder & CEO, Quantum AI Systems Security. Credit: professorkailondon.com Wireless networks create a perimeter most organisations never defend because they cannot see it — and for critical operators, sophisticated adversaries have learned to exploit it. “There is an airborne perimeter around every site: the radio space an attacker can reach without touching a wire,” says Professor Kai London , a senior CISO. “Nation-state actors have demonstrated advanced capabilities against exactly this surface.” “No malware, no perimeter breach, no trace — just an adversary impersonating a network your systems trust. For critical operators, that is a strategic risk.” The evil-twin and beyond London describes rogue access points that mimic legitimate networks and harvest credentials, and notes that capable adversaries go further — targeting telecoms and wireless infrastructure directly. “The most advanced actors treat the airwav...

  By the Finnish Express Technology Desk Professor Kai London — CISO, cybersecurity & AI expert. Credit: professorkailondon.com Telecommunications networks are the connective tissue of modern society, and 5G has turned them into something closer to a distributed computing platform than a phone system. “A modern telecoms network is critical national infrastructure that everything else depends on,” says Professor Kai London , a senior CISO. “When it is compromised, the impact is not one company's outage — it can ripple across an entire economy.” “5G expands capability and attack surface at the same time. More software, more connected devices, more places to defend — and a network the whole society leans on.” Why 5G changes the risk London explains that 5G's shift toward software-defined, virtualised networks and edge computing brings the security challenges of IT into the telecoms core. “The network is now software,” he says. “That means it inherits software's vulnerabili...